This is a basic recipe to cook any vegetable in Gujarati style and it is referred as shaak. Usually there is some kind of a shaak with a meal (Gujarati thali). In vegetables like cauliflower, cabbage, green beans, okra etc. mustard seeds are used whereas for potatoes, sweet potatoes, butternut squash and eggplant etc.; cumin seeds are used. You can cut down amount of oil and adjust seasoning according to your taste. The spices and its amount from recipe works for 3 medium size potatoes, one medium size eggplant, and 30 to 35 green beans (or 1 16 oz. bag of cut green beans or French cut green beans). You can also mix and match vegetables.
Ingredients
1 medium size cabbage (cobish), shredded
4 tablespoons olive oil
1 teaspoon brown mustard seeds
⅛ teaspoon asafetida
1 teaspoon turmeric
1 teaspoon chili powder or to taste
1 teaspoon salt or to taste
2 teaspoons dhana-jeeru (spice blend of coriander and cumin powder)
1 tablespoon cilantro for garnish
Directions
In a wok or a frying pan heat the oil until shimmering, 2 to 3 minutes. Add mustard seeds and let them sizzle. Add asafetida, turmeric and chili powder. Add cabbage and season with salt. Stir cabbage until coated with oil and spices.
Cover the pan with a lid and let cabbage cook until fork tender, stirring from time to time, about 8 to 10 minutes.
Once cabbage is cooked, uncover, add dhana-jeeru. Stir and let cabbage cook for 2 to 3 minutes. Just before serving garnish the shaak (cabbage) with cilantro. Serve warm with any type of Indian flat bread.
The spices used in Moroccan Tagine recipes are very similar to spices used in Indian curries. I like to cook curries/stews with warm spices during winter months. It is very satisfying and comforting during cold season. I add chickpeas or lentils for protein to dishes like this.
Ingredients
Spice Blend:
1 tablespoon turmeric
1 tablespoon paprika
1 tablespoon dhana-jeeru (spice blend of ground coriander and cumin)
½ teaspoon garlic powder
½ teaspoon ginger powder
½ teaspoon ground allspice
½ teaspoon ground cinnamon
¼ teaspoon ground cardamom
For Tagine:
4 tablespoons olive oil
1 medium yellow onion, diced
3 garlic cloves, minced
1 inch piece of ginger, finely minced
⅛ teaspoon saffron threads
1 tablespoon tomato paste
2 cups cauliflower florets
2 carrots, cut into 1 inch pieces
1 cup small red or yellow potatoes, cut in half
1 cup vegetable stock or water
1 zucchini, cut into 1 inch pieces
1 cup different color peppers, cut into strips
1 15 oz. can of chickpeas, rinsed and drained
1 15 oz can of diced tomatoes
2 teaspoons salt or to taste
1 cup large green olives
2 preserved lemons, roughly chopped
½ cup roughly chopped dry apricots or golden raisins
1 cup cilantro, chopped for garnish
Directions
In a mixing bowl make spice blend by combining all spices. Preheat oven to 350 degrees (optional, See step 3).
In a large Dutch oven or oven proof sauté pan, heat olive oil on medium high heat for 1 minute. Add onions and sauté until translucent, 3 minutes. Add garlic, ginger, saffron and spice blend, and sauté until fragrant for 2 minutes. Next add tomato paste and sauté for 2 minutes.
Add cauliflower florets, carrots and potatoes to pot. Stir to coat vegetables with spices. Add stock or water and bring it to boil. Season with 1 teaspoon salt and stir. Cover the pot and you can either cook vegetables on stove top or transfer to oven. Let vegetables cook for 10 to 12 minutes or just tender.
Add remaining vegetables, preserved lemons, apricots or raisins and olives. Add diced tomatoes from can with juices and chickpeas. Season with remaining teaspoon of salt. Stir to combine everything and cover the pot. Transfer to oven or continue to cook on stove top for another 10 minutes or so until all vegetables are cooked through.
Before serving garnish with cilantro. Serve with couscous and/or nan.
Pav (bread) Bhaji (mixed vegetables) is a street food available all over India. The bhaji should be soft and mashed which you can scoop up with a pav. This recipe uses small quantity of variety of vegetables which is great use of left over vegetables. You can also use left over mashed potatoes for this recipe.
Ingredients
Quarter of cabbage, shredded
3 to 4 florets cauliflower, roughly chopped
1 medium carrot, shredded
1 Japanese eggplant or ½ of large eggplant, peeled and ½ inch diced
½ dhoodhi (Indian squash), peeled, deseeded and ½ inch diced (optional)
2 medium russet potatoes, boiled and mashed
2 large red onions, finely diced (reserve ½ cup for serving)
3 large Roma tomatoes, ¼ inch diced
3 cloves garlic, minced
4 tablespoons canola oil or butter
1 teaspoon turmeric
2 teaspoons chili powder
1 teaspoon dhana-jeeru (spice blend of ground coriander and cumin)
½ teaspoon garam masala
1 ½ teaspoons salt or to taste
¾ cup frozen peas, thawed
2 teaspoons pav bhaji masala
¼ cup chopped cilantro, for serving
1 lime, cut into quarters for serving
6 soft buns (pav), any kind
Butter for brushing on buns
Directions
Combine cabbage, cauliflower, carrot, eggplant and doodhi in a large microwave safe bowl or large soup pot or Dutch oven. Cook vegetables in microwave (7 to 8 minutes) or stove top (10 to 12 minutes) until soft. Vegetables will release some liquid, keep that liquid. Mashed vegetables with potato masher and set aside. (You can use same soup pot or Dutch oven to make bhaji. You can transfer cooked and mashed vegetables to a mixing bowl).
Heat oil or butter on a medium high heat in a large soup pot or a Dutch oven until oil is shimmering and butter is melted, 2 minutes. Lower heat to medium, add garlic and sauté it until fragrant, about 1 minute. Add onions and sauté them until translucent, 2 to 3 minutes. Next add all dry spices except pav bhaji masala and sauté with onions and garlic for 1 minute. Add tomatoes and sauté them until softened, 2 minutes.
Add mashed potatoes and combine with sautéed vegetables. Let potatoes warm through before adding rest of mashed vegetables, for 2 to 3 minutes. Add rest of mashed vegetables, season with salt, stir and cover with a lid. Let bhaji cook for 7 to 10 minutes on low heat until flavors meld, stirring frequently. If bhaji is sticking to bottom, add some water. Uncover, add peas, pav bhaji masala and let bhaji cook for 5 to 6 minutes on low heat.
Spread butter on buns and toast them on a griddle or frying pan until light golden brown but still soft.
Serve hot bhaji with pav (buns). Garnish individual serving of bhaji with 1 tablespoons of cilantro. Serve reserved onion and lime on side.
1 teaspoon dhana-jeeru (spice blend of ground coriander and cumin)
1 golf ball size piece of jaggery or 1 tablespoon sugar
1 tablespoon fresh lemon juice
Directions
Wash turiya, remove the sharp edges and cut into ½ inch dice.
In a wok or a frying pan, heat oil. Add cumin seeds and let it sizzle. Add turmeric and chili powder. Add garlic, green chili and sauté it for 30 seconds. Next sauté chickpea flour for 30 seconds. Add water, turiya and season with salt. At this point if you want to use uncooked patra rolls, add them. Cover the wok or pan and let turiya and patra cook 10 to 12 minutes, stirring few times.
Uncover the wok or pan and if you are using cooked patra rolls, add at this point. Add dhana-jeeru, jaggery and lemon juice and let shaak (vegetable) cook for 4-5 minutes or until jaggery is melted. If gravy is too thick add more water.
Cut the rolls into 3-4 pieces before serving. Garnish shaak with cilantro and serve warm with rotli or paratha.
1 jalapeno or serrano chili, cut lengthwise in 4 pieces
7 to 8 curry leaves
2 tablespoons olive oil
1 teaspoon mustard seeds
1 teaspoon sesame seeds
⅛ teaspoon asafetida
¼ teaspoon turmeric
1 tablespoon dalia (roasted and hulled split chickpeas) or roughly chopped peanuts
½ teaspoon salt or to taste
Pinch of sugar
1 teaspoon fresh lemon juice
2 tablespoons chopped cilantro
Directions
Put shredded cucumber in a colander on top of bowl to catch drippings. Sprinkle ¼ teaspoon salt on cucumber and let it stand for 30 minutes. Squeeze out water from cucumber and transfer to a plate.
Heat oil in a medium sauté pan on medium high heat until shimmering, 2 to 3 minutes. Add mustard seeds and let them sizzle. Add sesame seeds, asafetida and turmeric. Add chili, curry leaves and sauté for 30 to 40 seconds. Add dalia or peanuts and sauté for a minute.
Add cucumber and sauté it for one minute. Season with salt, sugar and stir. Let cucumber cook for two more minutes. Off heat add lemon juice, cilantro and stir. Serve immediately as a side dish.
½ teaspoon dhana-jeeru (spice blend of ground coriander and cumin)
½ teaspoon salt or to taste
2 tablespoons chopped cilantro
Directions
Heat oil in a medium sauté pan on medium high heat until shimmering, 2 to 3 minutes. Add mustard seeds and let them sizzle. Add asafetida and turmeric. Add chili, curry leaves and sauté for 30 to 40 seconds.
Add cabbage and sauté it for 1 to 2 minutes. Season with salt and stir. Let cabbage cook for two more minutes. Add dhana-jeeru and let cabbage cook for a minute. Off heat add cilantro and stir. Serve immediately as a side dish.
At beginning of spring season (vasant rutu), raw mangoes (kacchi keri) are available. When raw mangoes are available for few months, it is used in various ways, in making pickles, drinks and salad.
Ingredients
1 small raw mango, seed removed, ¼ inch diced
1 red onion, ¼ inch diced
½ teaspoon salt or to taste
⅛ teaspoon ground cumin
1 teaspoon sugar or jaggery or to taste
Directions
Combine ingredients in a serving bowl and serve immediately as side dish.
Notes
With young raw mango, you should be able to cut through seed. With a late season raw mango, you can cut around mango to remove seed.
Where I grew up our house was surrounded by a garden. We had a couple of papaya trees and my mother used to make kacha (unripe) papaya nu chhin (shredded) frequently from papaya grown in our garden. This cachumber is also served with methi ni bhaji na gota (fenugreek green fritters), fafda (chickpea flour crisps), etc. When you buy gota or fafda from a street vendor or farsan (savory food) shop, you will also get this cachumber, especially in Gujarat.
Ingredients
Quarter of papaya, peeled, seeded and shredded
1 jalapeno or serrano chili, halved
10 to 12 curry leaves
2 tablespoons olive oil
1 teaspoon mustard seeds
⅛ teaspoon asafetida
¼ teaspoon turmeric
½ teaspoon dhana-jeeru (spice blend of ground coriander and cumin)
½ teaspoon salt or to taste
2 tablespoons chopped cilantro
1 tablespoon lime juice
Directions
Heat oil in a medium sauté pan on medium high heat until shimmering, 2 to 3 minutes. Add mustard seeds and let them sizzle. Add asafetida and turmeric. Add chili, curry leaves and sauté for 30 to 40 seconds.
Add shredded papaya and sauté it for 1 to 2 minutes. Season with salt and stir. Let papaya cook for two more minutes. Add dhana-jeeru and let papaya cook for a minute. Off heat add cilantro, lime juice and stir. Serve immediately as a side dish or with methi na gota (fritters).
This mixed vegetables recipe is quintessential Gujarati dish. It is a very famous dish from city of Surat in Gujarat. The variety of green beans called papadi used in this recipe are named after the city. The fresh papadi is available mostly in winter months in India. In US it is mostly available frozen in Indian grocery stores along with other vegetables. Most of the time, undhiyu is cooked on stove top but it is also cooked underground in a clay pot called matalu covered with food fire, known as matala undhiyu.
Ingredients
½ lb. frozen Surati papadi, thawed
½ lb. frozen Surati papadi lilva, thawed
¼ lb. frozen tuver lilva, thawed
¼ lb. frozen ratalu (purple yam), thawed
4 Indian eggplants
4 small yellow or red potatoes
1 sweet potato, 1 inch diced
6 tablespoons olive oil
1 teaspoon ajwain seeds
4 teaspoons green garlic or 4 cloves garlic, finely minced
¼ cup dhana-jeeru (spice blend of ground coriander and cumin)
2 teaspoons salt or to taste
4 teaspoons sugar or to taste
1 teaspoon turmeric
½ teaspoon garam masala
¼ teaspoon chili powder
¼ cup grated fresh coconut
Directions
Wash eggplants and potatoes, and pat dry. Make an X cut on ⅓ of eggplant on stemless side, keeping the stem. Make an X cut on ⅓ of potato on one side. Repeat the same with rest of eggplants and potatoes.
Combine spice mixture plus 2 tablespoons of cilantro, 1 tablespoon minced chili, 2 teaspoons garlic and 2 tablespoons oil into a medium mixing bowl. Set aside ½ of spice mixture. Gently widen an eggplant and stuff it by gently pushing stuffing down by hand. Try not to break it and not over stuff it. Repeat the same with rest of eggplants and potatoes. If any stuffing remains, add it to set aside spice mixture.
Heat remaining oil on a medium-high heat in a roasting pan or a Dutch oven until shimmering, 2 to 3 minutes. Add ajwain seeds and let them sizzle. Add remaining garlic and green chili. Sauté it for 30 seconds. Lower the heat to low while you arrange vegetables on top.
In a Dutch oven, first arrange stuffed eggplants and potatoes in single layer. On top arrange papadi, papadi lilva, tuver lilva. Spread ½ of spice mixture on top. Next arrange sweet potatoes and ratalu in single layer. Spread remaining spice mixture on top. Or in a roasting pan, arrange first eggplants vertically on one side, next arrange potatoes, and then arrange one by one papadi, papadi lilva, tuver lilva, sweet potatoes and ratalu. Spread spice mixture evenly on vegetables except eggplants and potatoes. Add ½ cup water in Dutch oven or roasting pan. Cover with lid or aluminum foil. You can either cook vegetables on stove top on medium heat or a preheated 375 degrees oven until vegetables are tender, about 30 to 35 minutes. Check on vegetables half way through cooking and stir gently with spice mixture. If vegetables are sticking to bottom, add more water.
Once vegetables are cooked, add muthia and stir to combine everything. Let undhiyu cook for 3 to 4 minutes, uncovered. Garnish with remaining cilantro before serving. Serve warm with puri or other Indian flat bread. Serve cilantro chutney, garlic chutney and thin sev (thin crispy chickpea flour noodles) on side to add to undhiyu to enhance the flavor.
¾ cup oily or dry toover dal (split pigeon peas), uncooked
2 cups water
1 teaspoon salt or to taste
Small (golf ball size) piece of jaggary or 3 teaspoons sugar
½ teaspoon turmeric
1 teaspoon dhana-jeeru (spice blend of coriander and cumin powder)
1 teaspoon or to taste finely chopped or minced jalapeno or serrano chili
½ teaspoon finely minced ginger
1 medium tomato, diced
1 ½ tablespoons lemon juice
1 tablespoon chopped cilantro, for garnish
For Dhokali:
1 cup chapatti or whole wheat flour
2 tablespoons olive oil
½ teaspoon ajwain seeds
½ teaspoon turmeric
½ teaspoon chili powder
¼ teaspoon asafetida
1 teaspoon salt or to taste
Water as needed to make dough
For Tempering (Vaghar):
2 tablespoons olive oil
¼ teaspoon fenugreek seeds
1 teaspoon mustard seeds
⅛ teaspoon cumin seeds
Pinch of asafetida
5 to 6 curry leaves
1 whole dry red chili (optional)
Pinch of red chili powder (optional)
Directions
Wash split pigeon peas few times. For oily dal make sure all the oil is washed off. Soak in about 1 ½ cups of water for 1 to 2 hours or until peas are soft in a medium size soup pot. (Soaking is optional but it will speed up cooking process).
Add diced tomato. Cover with a lid and cook it with water on a medium heat until peas are very soft, about one hour.
While dal is cooking, make dhokli dough. Combine flour, oil, salt and dry spices in a mixing bowl with hands. Gradually add water and knead into firm and smooth dough. Cover with a plate or a kitchen towel and let it rest 30 to 40 minutes. After dough is rested divide into four equal portions and roll into balls.
Once the dal is cooked, take off the heat and add ½ cup of water and mix it with a whisk or an immersion blender until it has a consistency of slightly thick soup. Start heating the dal on medium heat. Add salt, turmeric, dhana-jeeru, green chili, ginger and let it simmer on low heat or a simmer burner.
While dal is simmering, flatten a dough ball on to a smooth cutting board and roll out into a thin circle (as thin as pasta sheet). Cut dough into 2 inch squares or diamonds. If some pieces are small it’s fine. Drop the pieces one by one into simmering dal and stir with dal. Increase heat to medium high and let dal come to boil so dough pieces can cook. Repeat the process with remaining dough balls. If dal starts to boil over, reduce heat to medium. Let dal-dhokli simmer for 12 to 15 minutes and then add jaggery or sugar and lemon juice, stir dal-dhokli. Keep it simmering on low heat.
To cook dal-dhokali in Instant Pot: Follow step 1 but instead of soup pot use insert pot of instant pot. Add diced tomato and cook dal on pressure cooker setting for 25 minutes. For unsoaked dal increase time to 35 minutes. Once dal is cooked, release steam. Add ½ cup of water and mix it with a whisk or an immersion blender until it has a consistency of slightly thick soup. Start heating the dal on sauté setting. Set it for 30 minutes. Add salt, turmeric, dhana-jeeru, green chili, ginger and let it simmer. Follow step 5. Ignore the temperature changes as temperature in Instant pot remains constant. If dal starts to boil over change setting to keep warm setting for few minutes.
Prepare Vaghar: In a separate small heavy bottomed sauce pan, heat oil on medium high heat until shimmering. Add fenugreek seeds and let it sizzle. Lower the heat, add mustard and cumin seeds and let them sizzle. Add asafetida, curry leaves, red chili and chili powder. Pour oil with everything over dal. Mix it with dal-dhokli and let it simmer for two to three minutes. Garnish with cilantro before serving. Serve warm. Can be served over rice. You can also add ½ cup vegetables like green beans, green peas or beans like black-eyed peas to simmering dal to make it one pot meal.
The chickpea flour is known as besan and the rolls are known as Khandavi. This dish was my mother's specialty. My mother used to make it on special occasions and whenever guests were coming over. She is not able to cook anymore but she has passed on this recipe to many of us. This is not an easy recipe to master. It took several attempts for me to make it right.
Ingredients
½ cup chickpea flour (besan)
½ cup yogurt (not Greek)
¾ cup water
1 teaspoon finely minced green chili (jalapeno or serrano)
1 teaspoon finely minced ginger
¼ teaspoon turmeric
Pinch of asafetida
1 teaspoon salt or to taste
3 tablespoons finely chopped cilantro
3 tablespoons freshly grated coconut, see Note.
Oil for brushing on baking sheet
For Tempering (Vaghar):
2 tablespoons olive or canola oil
1 teaspoon mustard seeds
1 teaspoon sesame seeds
¼ teaspoon asafetida
½ teaspoon chili powder
Directions
Prepare two large or three medium sized baking sheets for spreading cooked besan. Invert baking sheets and brush them with oil and set them aside. You can also use silicon mat or spread on a stone kitchen counter.
Whisk together besan, yogurt, water, green chili, ginger, turmeric, asafetida and salt in a medium heavy bottomed sauce pan until smooth.
Start cooking besan on low heat, stirring constantly to avoid lumps. Cook besan until it is fully cooked (like polenta), about 7 to 10 minutes. Immediately spread besan on to baking sheets in thin layer (like thickness of tortilla).
Sprinkle two tablespoons each of cilantro and coconut on baking sheets evenly. Make 2 ½ inch cuts evenly on spread batter vertically along the width of baking sheet.
Gently start rolling khandavi as tight as you can, until all spread batter is gone. This batter will make 12 to 14 khandavi. Arrange khandvi vertically on a casserole dish.
Prepare Vaghar: In a small heavy bottomed sauce pan, heat oil on medium heat until simmering. Add mustard seeds and let them sizzle, 30 seconds. Add remaining vaghar ingredients and let it cook 10 seconds. Pour over arranged khandvi. Garnish with remaining cilantro and coconut. Serve within few hours of making at room temperature.
Notes
Fresh grated coconut is easily available in Indian grocery stores in frozen section.
1 teaspoon finely minced green chili (jalapeno or serrano)
1 teaspoon finely minced ginger
¼ teaspoon turmeric
Pinch of asafetida
1 teaspoon salt or to taste
2 tablespoons finely chopped cilantro
2 tablespoons freshly grated coconut
Oil for brushing on baking sheet
Neutral oil for frying
For Tempering (Vaghar):
2 tablespoons olive or canola oil
1 teaspoon mustard seeds
1 teaspoon sesame seeds
¼ teaspoon asafetida
½ teaspoon chili powder
Directions
Whisk together besan, yogurt, water, green chili, ginger, turmeric, asafetida and salt in a medium heavy bottomed sauce pan until smooth. Brush with oil a small 6 x 10 baking sheet.
Start cooking besan on low heat, stirring constantly to avoid lumps. Cook besan until it is fully cooked (like polenta), about 7 to 10 minutes. Immediately spread besan on to baking sheet in even layer.
Transfer the baking sheet to freezer for 2 to 3 hours or overnight in the refrigerator.
Cut the batter into ½ inch thick fries. Heat oil into a frying pan until hot enough to fry. Fry the fries in 3 to 4 batches until golden brown, about 3 to 4 minutes per batch. Transfer fries to paper towel lined dish or on a wire rack to drain excess oil. Once oil is drained, transfer fries to serving dish or bowl.
Prepare Vaghar: In a small heavy bottomed sauce pan, heat oil on medium heat until simmering. Add mustard seeds and let them sizzle, 30 seconds. Add remaining vaghar ingredients and let it cook 10 seconds. Pour over the fries. Garnish with cilantro and coconut. Serve warm.
1 teaspoon dhana-jeeru (spice blend of ground coriander and cumin)
1 teaspoon garam masala
1 teaspoon salt or taste
¼ cup regular yogurt (optional)
3 tablespoons chopped cilantro, for garnish
Directions
Pre-heat oven to 400 degrees. Line a large baking pan with parchment paper or aluminum foil sprayed with non-stick spray.
Wash and cut eggplants in half. Arrange them on baking pan cut side down, leaving some space in between. Roast the eggplants until tender, about 30 to 35 minutes.
Let eggplants cool for few minutes. Scoop out the pulp from eggplants, discarding the seeds. Cut the pulp in small pieces or mash with a potato masher.
Heat oil in a frying pan or a wok until shimmering, 2 to 3 minutes. Add cumin seeds and let it sizzle. Add garlic and sauté it until light golden brown, 2 minutes. Add scallions, green chili, all dry spices and sauté them for 2 to 3 minutes. Next add tomato and sauté until the mixture is almost dry, 2 to 3 minutes.
Add eggplant pulp, season with salt and stir everything. Cover the pan or wok and let eggplant cook for 7 to 10 minutes to blend all the flavors, stirring occasinally. If you want to add yogurt, add at this point, and let it warm through with eggplant for a minute.
Garnish with cilantro and serve warm with Nan or Paratha. Can also be served as a dip.
1 teaspoon dhana-jeeru (spice blend of ground coriander and cumin)
½ teaspoon garam masala
1 teaspoon salt or taste
2 tablespoons chopped cilantro, for garnish
Directions
Wash okra and dry it with paper towel. Okra should be as dry as possible otherwise it will become too slimy. Cut into ½ inch thick pieces, discarding top and ¼ inch bottom pieces.
Heat oil in a non-stick pan on a medium high heat until shimmering, 2 to 3 minutes. Add mustard seeds and let it sizzle. Add onion, garlic, green chili, all dry spices and sauté them until onion is translucent, 2 to 3 minutes. Next add tomato, ginger and sauté until the mixture is almost dry, 2 to 3 minutes.
Add okra, season with salt and stir everything. Cover the pan and let okra cook until tender, 7 to 8 minutes, stirring few times. Initially okra will be slimy but as it cooks it will become less slimy.
Uncover the pan, lower the heat and let okra cook until curry is almost dry, 7 to 10 minutes.
Garnish with cilantro and serve warm with Nan or Paratha.
This eggplant curry is from city of Hyderabad, Southern part of India (in a state of Telangana), and it is usually served with Biryani. It is made with small purple egg sized eggplants (known as Indian eggplants).
Ingredients
1 lb. Indian eggplant (8 to 10 baigan)
½ lb. green chilies, spicy or mild or mix of both (8 to 10)
½ cup raw peanuts
¼ cup sesame seeds
¼ cup fresh shredded coconut
15 to 20 Curry leaves
1 shallot, roughly chopped
1 jalapeno or serrano chili, roughly chopped
4 garlic cloves, roughly chopped
4 inch piece of ginger, peeled and roughly chopped
1 teaspoon cumin seeds
1 teaspoon mustard seeds
1 teaspoon turmeric
2 teaspoons garam masala
2 teaspoons red chili powder
1 tablespoon tamarind paste, See note.
1 cup canola oil
3 tablespoons chopped cilantro for garnish
Directions
Wash eggplants and pat dry. Make an X cut on ⅓ of eggplant on stemless side, keeping the stem. Repeat the same with rest of eggplants. Wash chilies and pat dry. Keep them whole with steams, cut them in half if long.
Heat a skillet or a cast iron pan. Add peanuts and roast them until very light golden brown, about 2 minutes. Add sesame seeds and roast them for 30 seconds or until they start to pop. Immediately add coconut and roast until light golden brown, about 2 minutes. Let the mixture cool for 10 minutes. Once it’s cooled, combine roasted peanut mixture, shallot, jalapeno or serrano chili, ginger and garlic in food processor bowl and make a thick paste. Add couple of tablespoons or more water to move the contents in food processor. Set it aside.
Dissolve tamarind paste into ¼ cup of water in a small bowl and set it aside.
In a frying pan, heat oil on a medium high heat until shimmering. Add eggplants and sauté them for 3 to 4 minutes until skin is light brown. Remove from oil and let excess oil drain on a wire racked sheet pan or paper towels lined plate. Lower the heat and remove extra oil from pan, leaving about ¼ cup of oil. Reserve extra oil. Sauté green chilies in oil until they start to blister, about 3 to 4 minutes. Remove chilies from oil and let excess oil drain on a wire racked sheet pan or paper towels lined plate.
Add more oil to frying pan to make about ¼ cup from reserved oil. Increase heat to medium high again. Once oil shimmers add cumin and mustard seeds and let them sizzle, 30 seconds. Add curry leaves, let them crisp for 40 to 50 seconds. Be careful as they will splatter oil. Add peanut mixture paste, turmeric, garam masala and chili powder. Sauté the paste with spices for 3 to 4 minutes or until you see oil separating. Add tamarind water and stir. If gravy is too thick add some water. Season the gravy with salt. Add eggplants and submerge them in gravy. Cover the pan and let eggplants cook until soft but not mushy, about 5 to 7 minutes. Uncover and add blistered chilies. Stir the contents and let everything cook in gravy for 3 to 4 minutes.
Before serving garnish with cilantro. Serve hot with Nan and/or Biryani.
Notes
Tamarind paste is readily available in Indian stores.
This dish comes from city of Hyderabad (in State of Telangana), Southern part of India..
Ingredients
For fried shallots and marinade:
1 lb. shallots, thinly sliced
3 tablespoons ghee or melted butter or canola oil
¼ cup yogurt
Juice of ½ a lemon
2 teaspoons salt or to taste
1 inch piece of ginger, finely minced
2 garlic cloves, finely minced
½ teaspoon turmeric
2 teaspoons cayenne pepper
2 teaspoons dhana-jeeru (spice blend of ground coriander and cumin)
1 teaspoon garam masala
1 lb. paneer, cut into 1 inch dice
1 red onion, cut into 1 inch dice
10 to 12 cauliflower florets
½ of green pepper cut into 1 inch dice
½ of red pepper cut into 1 inch dice
2 carrots cut into 1 inch dice
1 cup frozen green peas, thawed
1 tablespoon chopped cilantro, for garnish
Dough lid (optional):
1 ½ cups whole wheat flour
½ cup or more water
Rice:
2 cups basmati rice
2 inch piece of cinnamon stick
1 bay leaf
2 whole cloves
2 green cardamom pods
5 whole peppercorns
1 tablespoon ghee or butter or canola oil
1 tablespoon salt or to taste
1 tablespoon caraway seeds
⅛ teaspoon freshly grated nutmeg
Biryani:
1 teaspoon saffron threads
½ cup warm cooking water of rice
3 tablespoons ghee or melted butter
½ teaspoon garam masala
½ teaspoon rose water (optional)
2 tablespoons chopped cilantro
Directions
Make fried shallots: Heat 2 tablespoons of ghee or butter or oil in a large non-stick skillet until shimmering. Add shallots and let it cook on medium heat until golden brown, stirring occasionally. This takes about 9 to 10 minutes. Let shallots cool for 5 to 10 minutes.
While shallots are cooling, mix yogurt, salt, lemon juice, remaining oil or ghee or butter, ginger, garlic and dry spices into medium mixing bowl. Add vegetables and paneer except peas. Stir with yogurt and spices to coat them with marinade.
Once shallots are cooled, reserve one third in a small bowl. Add remaining shallots to vegetables and paneer. Stir the mixture and let it stand for 30 minutes or so.
While vegetables are marinating, make dough lid. Mix flour and water in a medium mixing bowl until soft dough forms. Knead the dough on a floured surface until smooth. Make a ball and roll into ¼ inch thick rope which can be wrapped around the lid of large size Dutch oven. Cover the dough lid with kitchen towel.
Make rice: Rinse rice in cold water until water runs clear and drain excess water. Bring 4 cups of water to boil in a large sauce pan. Wrap whole spices into a piece of cheese cloth and tie with a kitchen twain. Add to sauce pan along with oil or butter or ghee, salt, nutmeg and caraway seeds. Stir in rice. Bring rice to simmer and cook only half way, about 5 to 7 minutes. Remove the spice bundle and reserve ½ cup cooking liquid.
Assemble biryani: Preheat oven to 350 degrees. Combine saffron and pinch of sugar or salt into a mortar, and with a pestle make it into fine powder. Transfer to a measuring cup. Pour warm cooking water from rice over it and mix until saffron is almost dissolved. Spray large Dutch oven with non-stick spray to avoid paneer sticking to bottom. Drizzle 1 tablespoon ghee or butter in a large Dutch oven. Spoon half of vegetable mixture over it and spread it in even layer. With a skimmer or a fine sieve drain excess liquid from rice and spread half of rice over vegetables. Top with half of remaining ghee or butter, shallots, garam masala, saffron water, rose water and cilantro. Repeat the same layering once more. Cover with lid and wrap the dough lid on top of it. Press the dough to tightly seal it. Bake the biryani for 15 to 20 minutes or until the dough lid is golden brown. Let it stand for 5 minutes. Remove dough lid, uncover lid, top with green peas and cilantro. Serve immediately with cucumber raita.
Heat ghee or butter with oil on a medium high in a frying pan or a wok until simmering. Add cumin and mustard seeds and let them sizzle, 30 seconds. Lower the heat to medium. Sprinkle saffron threads over oil while crushing them with your fingertips. Sauté saffron in fat until fat picks up color, about 30 seconds. Next add whole spices with bay leaf and sauté for 30 seconds.
Add onions and sauté those until edges are brown, about 2 minutes. Add garlic, ginger and green chili, and sauté those for 1 minute. Next add garam masala and paprika or chili powder and sauté those for 30 seconds.
Increase heat to high. Add vegetables and stir fry those for 2 to 3 minutes until vegetables soft but still crunchy. Add cooked rice and season with salt. Stir fry rice with vegetables until coated with spices, about 1 to 2 minutes. Next add peas and stir to combine with rice. Lower the heat to low. Cover the pan or wok with a lid and let everything cook together to blend all the flavors for 2 to 3 minutes. Before serving garnish with cilantro. Serve warm with cucumber raita.
